Shorter Catechism
Q. 35. What is sanctification?
A. Sanctification is the work of God’s free grace [i], whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God [k], and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness [l].
[i] 2 Thessalonians 2:13 God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit, and belief of the truth.
[k] Ephesians 4:23 And be renewed in the spirit of your mind; Ver.24 And that ye put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness.
[l] Romans 6:4 Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death; that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life. Ver.6 Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin.
Romans 8:1 There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.
Larger Catechism
Q. 75. What is sanctification?
A. Sanctification is a work of God’s grace, whereby they whom God hath, before the foundation of the world, chosen to be holy, are in time, through the powerful operation of his Spirit [b] applying the death and resurrection of Christ unto them [c], renewed in their whole man after the image of God [d]; having the seeds of repentance unto life, and all other saving graces, put into their hearts [e], and those graces so stirred up, increased, and strengthened [f], as that they more and more die unto sin, and rise unto newness of
life [g].
[b] Ephesians 1:4 According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love:
1 Corinthians 6:11 And such were some of you: but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God.
2 Thessalonians 2:13 But we are bound to give thanks alway to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth:
[c] Romans 6:4-6 Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life. Ver.5 For if we have been planted together in the likeness of his death, we shall be also in the likeness of his resurrection: Ver.6 Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin.
[d] Ephesians 4:23-24 And be renewed in the spirit of your mind; Ver.24 And that ye put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness.
[e] Acts 11:18 When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life.
1 John 3:9 Whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin; for his seed remaineth in him: and he cannot sin, because he is born of God.
[f] Jude 20 But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost,
Hebrews 6:11-12 And we desire that every one of you do shew the same diligence to the full assurance of hope unto the end: Ver.12 That ye be not slothful, but followers of them who through faith and patience inherit the promises.
Ephesians 3:16-19 That he would grant you, according to the riches of his glory, to be strengthened with might by his Spirit in the inner man; Ver.17 That Christ may dwell in your hearts by faith; that ye, being rooted and grounded in love, Ver.18 May be able to comprehend with all saints what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and height; Ver.19 And to know the love of Christ, which passeth knowledge, that ye might be filled with all the fulness of God.
Colossians 1:10-11 That ye might walk worthy of the Lord unto all pleasing, being fruitful in every good work, and increasing in the knowledge of God; Ver.11 Strengthened with all might, according to his glorious power, unto all patience and longsuffering with joyfulness;
[g] Romans 6:4 Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life. Ver.6 Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. Ver.14 For sin shall not have dominion over you: for ye are not under the law, but under grace.
Galatians 5:24 And they that are Christ's have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts.
Confession of Faith, Chapter 13
I. They, who are once effectually called, and regenerated, having a new heart, and a new spirit created in them, are further sanctified, really and personally, through the virtue of Christ’s death and resurrection [a], by His Word and Spirit dwelling in them [b]: the dominion of the whole body of sin is destroyed [c], and the several lusts thereof are more and more weakened and mortified [d]; and they more and more quickened and strengthened in all saving graces [e], to the practice of true holiness, without which no man shall see the Lord [f].[a] 1 Corinthians 6:11 And such were some of you: but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God.
Acts 20:32 And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.
Philippians 3:10 That I may know him, and the power of his resurrection, and the fellowship of his sufferings, being made conformable unto his death;
Romans 6:5 For if we have been planted together in the likeness of his death, we shall be also in the likeness of his resurrection: Ver.6 Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin.
[b] John 17:17 Sanctify them through thy truth: thy word is truth.
Ephesians 5:26 That he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word.
2 Thessalonians 2:13 But we are bound to give thanks alway to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth.
[c] Romans 6:6 Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. Ver.14 For sin shall not have dominion over you: for ye are not under the law, but under grace.
[d] Galatians 5:24 And they that are Christ's have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts.
Romans 8:13 For if ye live after the flesh, ye shall die: but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the deeds of the body, ye shall live.
[e] Colossians 1:11 Strengthened with all might, according to his glorious power, unto all patience and longsuffering with joyfulness.
Ephesians 3:16 That he would grant you, according to the riches of his glory, to be strengthened with might by his Spirit in the inner man; Ver.17 That Christ may dwell in your hearts by faith; that ye, being rooted and grounded in love, Ver.18 May be able to comprehend with all saints what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and height; Ver.19 And to know the love of Christ, which passeth knowledge, that ye might be filled with all the fulness of God.
[f] 2 Corinthians 7:1 Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.
Hebrews 12:14 Follow peace with all men, and holiness, without which no man shall see the Lord.
End of Lesson, Day 49
For Further Study:
Francis R. Beattie's The Presbyterian Standards
The Benefits of Redemption: Adoption and Sanctification
James Fisher's Catechism on the Catechism
John Flavel's Exposition of the Assembly's Shorter Catechism
Matthew Henry's A Scripture Catechism in the Method of the Assembly's
Thomas Vincent's The Shorter Catechism Explained from Scripture
Thomas Watson's Body of Divinity
John Whitecross' The Shorter Catechism Illustrated
"Definitive Sanctification" by John Murray
Sanctification
Definitive Sanctification and Romans 6
CHAPTER XIII. - Of Sanctification - Commentary by Gordon H. Clark
Chapter XIII. Of Sanctification - Exposition by Robert Shaw
Chapter 13: Of Sanctification - Commentary by A.A. Hodge
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