Shorter Catechism
Q. 25. How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?
A. Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering up of himself a sacrifice to satisfy divine justice [w], and reconcile us to God [x]; and in making continual intercession for us [y].
[w] Hebrews 9:14 How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works, to serve the living God? Ver.28 So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many: and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time, without sin, unto salvation.
[x] Hebrews 2:17 Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.
[y] Hebrews 7:24 But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood. Ver.25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.
Larger Catechism
Q44. How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?
A. Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering himself a sacrifice without spot to God [c], to be reconciliation for the sins of his people [d]; and in making continual intercession for them [e].
[c] Hebrews 9:14 How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? Ver.28 So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.
[d] Hebrews 2:17 Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.
[e] Hebrews 7:25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.
Larger Catechism
Q. 57. What benefits hath Christ procured by his mediation?
A. Christ, by his mediation, hath procured redemption [g], with all other benefits of the covenant of grace [h].
[g] Hebrews 9:12 Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.
[h] 2 Corinthians 1:20 For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him Amen, unto the glory of God by us.
Westminster Confession of Faith
8.5 The Lord Jesus, by His perfect obedience, and sacrifice of Himself, which He through the eternal Spirit, once offered up unto God, has fully satisfied the justice of His Father;[l] and purchased, not only reconciliation, but an everlasting inheritance in the kingdom of heaven, for those whom the Father has given unto Him.[m]
[l] Romans 5:19 — For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.
Hebrews 9:14 — How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? Ver.16 For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator.
Hebrews 10:14 — For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified;
Ephesians 5:2 — And walk in love, as Christ also hath loved us, and hath given himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweetsmelling savour.
Romans 3:25-26 — Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God; Ver.26 To declare, I say, at this time his righteousness: that he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus.
[m] Daniel 9:24,26 — Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy. Ver.26 And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.
Colossians 1:19-20 — For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell; Ver.20 And, having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things unto himself; by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in heaven.
Ephesians 1:11,14 — In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will. Ver.14 Which is the earnest of our inheritance until the redemption of the purchased possession, unto the praise of his glory.
John 17:2 — As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him.
Hebrews 9:12,15 — Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us. Ver.15 And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.
8.6 Although the work of redemption was not actually wrought by Christ till after His incarnation, yet the virtue, efficacy, and benefits thereof were communicated unto the elect, in all ages successively from the beginning of the world, in and by those promises, types, and sacrifices, wherein He was revealed, and signified to be the seed of the woman which should bruise the serpent's head; and the Lamb slain from the beginning of the world; being yesterday and today the same, and forever.[n]
[n] Galatians 4:4-5 — But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, Ver.5 To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.
Genesis 3:15 — And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.
Revelation 13:8 — And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
Hebrews 13:8 — Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever.
8.7 Christ, in the work of mediation, acts according to both natures, by each nature doing that which is proper to itself;[o] yet, by reason of the unity of the person, that which is proper to one nature is sometimes in Scripture attributed to the person denominated by the other nature.[p]
[o] Hebrews 9:14 — How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
1 Peter 3:18 — For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit.
[p] Acts 20:28 — Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.
John 3:13 — And no man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man which is in heaven.
1 John 3:16 — Hereby perceive we the love of God, because he laid down his life for us: and we ought to lay down our lives for the brethren.
End of Lesson, Day 29
For Further Study:
Francis R. Beattie's The Presbyterian Standards
The Offices of the Mediator: The Priestly and the Kingly
James Fisher's Catechism on the Catechism
John Flavel's Exposition of the Assembly's Shorter Catechism
Matthew Henry's A Scripture Catechism in the Method of the Assembly's
Thomas Vincent's The Shorter Catechism Explained from Scripture
Thomas Watson's Body of Divinity
John Whitecross' The Shorter Catechism Illustrated
Alexander Whyte's A Commentary on the Shorter Catechism
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